Part 1 of this series talked about how to develop lyrical chops by using The Craft of Lyric Writing by Sheila Davis, and by encouraging you to consider playing either a guitar or piano (the two most widely used instruments used in creating songs)..

In Part 2 of this series, you’ll have enough information to help you learn songwriting quickly and effectively, and you’ll definitely have a distinct advantage over the average songwriter. 

It is not necessary to play an instrument to be successful in songwriting but it does give you an advantage.  An instrument not only helps you work out melodies, harmonies, and chord structures, it naturally opens up another dimension to your songwriting altogether!  Imagine the difference between coming up with a melody and working out an arrangement in your head versus going to the piano or guitar, experimenting with the melody and/or arrangement, and hearing the song develop into something you never would have created without having an instrument! 

To learn or improve the musical aspect of your songwriting:

1.  Let’s review the two main parts of songwriting; lyrics and music.  The music part of songwriting consists of melody, harmony, and rhythm.

2.  Invest in Writing Music For Hit Songs by Jai Josefs as soon as you can!  It is by far the greatest “how to write music” book ever published for contemporary music, and it contains excellent, real-world examples of actual hits and techniques songwriters used to achieve their success!  For this book, you do need to have a guitar or piano/keyboard handy in order to follow the examples. 

In Josefs’ book, you’ll learn how to harmonize with chords in major and minor keys through a foolproof natural music formula in an easy-to-understand format, you’ll learn how to effectively give your music contrast, how to build tension and release, and how to develop melodic ideas just to name a few.

3. Continue writing your own lyrics and melodies as suggested in “Part 1,” and start experimenting with and incorporating some of the chord ideas as well as other principles learned in Josefs’ book such as using chord inversions and pedal points to create bass motion in order to give your songs whatever particular underlying flavor you desire.

4. Pick out a favorite song and find the chord progression used either by buying sheet music or by visiting one of many websites which provide free chords and tabs for educational purposes such as Ultimate-Guitar.com. With your song in hand it’s time to try to determine in which key the songs is written. Without actual sheet music to see the key signature this can be difficult but here’s a useful tip; to find the key listen for the chord that sounds as if it has completely resolved and is at rest in the song. This chord will usually (not always) be found at the end of the chorus if it’s a verse-chorus type song, or the end of the verse in a verse-verse-verse type song.

5. Once you determine the key use the following chord formula built on the tonic note of the key:

I – IIm – IIIm – IV – V – VIm – VIImb5 (e.g., in the key of G, the tonic note would be G, and the basic chord formula would be):

G – Am – Bm – C – D – Em – F#mb5

6. Play these chords in succession and hear how they move up the scale. Notice how they sound similar to the single note scale in the same key, i.e., (single notes) G. A, B, C, D, E, F#

Using the above formula you now have seven chords you can use in any key to harmonize your songs!

So, the music industry secret is right here!  Yes there are other good songwriting books out there and some being written as we speak, but by using these two proven books, The Craft of Lyric Writing and Writing Music For Hit Songs as your songwriting reference books, you’ll have the most solid foundation to build your songwriting upon, just like many pro songwriters!  By the way, there’s enough study material in these books to last you months to years, and you’ll find yourself referring to and reviewing these books throughout your songwriting career!   

Without getting too technical (I might confuse myself) I can tell you our minds filter all the stimulation we absorb through our five senses, and if you’re a songwriter, with proper training and knowledge, you can subconsciously harness all that power running through your mind’s filter and eventually allow song ideas to spring into your head! 

“How do I do that?” you ask.   The answer is less complicated than you probably think.  This is what you have to do, step-by-step:

1.  Learn all the songwriting basics necessary to write songs.  Check out this free beginner songwriting guide, this free step-by-step songwriting guide, or consider a more complete but lengthier songwriting guide such as Six Steps to Songwriting Success, Revised Edition (Due out 10-02-2008): The Comprehensive Guide to Writing and Marketing Hit Songswritten by Jason Blume.

The point here is to learn all the necessary songwriting basics so you have strong knowledge of all the sections used in songwriting. These include; intro, verse, prechorus, chorus, bridge, instrumental, raps, and spoken word parts. You need to train yourself to automatically recognize the different sections that make up songs and how they are used. This takes studying songs and actually writing your own songs (although it’s helpful, you don’t even have to know how to play an instrument to learn songwriting basics).

2. Listen to your favorite songs and pick out the most interesting parts such as the song hook, parts of a verse, a certain rap line, etc.  Now, what you’re looking for is a short catchy line that stands out as being the most memorable part of the song.  As mentioned in Part 1, these are also song areas for you to study and analyze: 

1. a great original song title
2. a catchy melody (usually a short musical phrase)
3. an interesting lyric
4. an infectious rhythm
5. a pleasing harmony
6. any other song component

For example, in Leona Lewis’ smash hit single “Bleeding Love” the part that stands out most to me is, “I keep bleeding I keep, keep bleeding love.”  This is a very short phrase that keeps repeating as the song’s hook.  It contains interesting lyrics and a catchy melody, the most common example as it relates to this exercise.  A great original song title is also there to boot!  This short phrase could have definitely been an idea that just popped into a songwriter’s head!  This sort of thing happens all the time to hit songwriters and you can do it, too. 

3.  Once you know all the songwriting basics and you’re able to recognize different parts of songs, the next step is to really dive deep into writing your own original songs.  You may have already started to compose your tunes by now anyway, but I’m talking about continually and consistently trying to write songs.  You will eventually reach that “zone” where song ideas spring out like water from a faucet!  Many pro songwriters swear they become so consumed by songwriting in phases (usually a few weeks) several times a year because the ideas just don’t stop!    

The trick is to know all the songwriting basics, to know what to look for in songs, and to become really active in your songwriting by continually trying to compose songs. 

The more songs you write, the more experience and knowledge you gain, and before you know it, you will reach that “effortless zone” those pro songwriters seem to reach all the time.  For some songwriters, reaching “songwriting mode,” a condition created by yourself whereby you effortlessly come up with great song ideas, can take a few weeks to several months to a few years.  It depends on how hard you really want to work at your songwriting craft.     

 Be patient-with experience and practice, there’s no doubt you will eventually get to a point where great song ideas stream into your head.  Just don’t try to force the ideas into your head-this will create too much stress, and you’ll actually regress instead of progress.  I know-’cause I’ve been there!

Sting recalls how he woke up in the middle of the night with the line, “Every breath you take, every move you make dancing in his head, so he sat down at the piano and wrote the million-seller “Every Breath You Take” in 30 minutes.  Countless other songwriters talk about a short phrase or melody suddenly and unexpectedly taking over their brains and hit songs literally “writing themselves” with little effort!

So how does this happen?  It certainly doesn’t happen by accident to just anybody who has no interest in writing a song.  It happens to songwriters who put themselves in what I call “Songwriting Mode,” which is the ability to train your brain to subconsciously create any of the following:

1. a great original song title
2. a catchy melody (usually a short musical phrase)
3. an interesting lyric
4. an infectious rhythm
5. a pleasing harmony
6. any other song component; and
to instantaneously translate that idea or ideas into the making of a great song by allowing your mind to literally take off in different musical directions!  Usually, musical ideas from being in “songwriting mode” come in short phrases or spurts, and they can be any part or section of the song (i.e., the last line of a verse, the middle of a chorus, etc.)

On Thursday, August 14, 2008, Part 2 of this series will begin to disclose how to condition your mind to reach the stage of being in “songwriting mode.”

Next time you write a song try this: 

1.  Take your song worksheet and underneath all of your noun, verb, and other words entries, and leave some space on the bottom for lyric phrases.

2.  Take your title, and start asking, “Who, what, where, when, why, and how?” and use the bottom of your worksheet to enter the following method: For example: If my song title is, “I’ve Known All Along,” first I need to clarify in my mind what I’m trying to say with the song title – this is the song idea or theme. The song could be about (a) someone catching the other cheating, (b) someone saying they never doubted themselves, (c) someone saying they were sure the other would fall in love with them, etc.

For this example, I’ll pick (c) as my song idea to illustrate this method.

Now I’ll start asking questions, and I’ll write ideas, not necessarily lines for the song in finished form, just basic thoughts that come to my head:

Remember the song idea for “I’ve Known All Along” was (c) someone saying they were sure the other would fall in love with them.

With this as your starting point you should have enough ideas to begin putting your lyrics together by starting out with powerful opening lines in your first verse and chorus.
——————–
For example, in this song, my first line in the first verse could be:

I can believe it’s come to this………<< taken from “I’m not surprised” entry in, “What?”

——————–
The first few lines in the chorus might look like this:

I’ve known all along…………………………………………………<<song title
I’ve known all along…………………………………………………<<song title
Your eyes have always told me………………<from “the way your eyes……” in Why? 
With you I could never go wrong……………< unrelated to this exercise

The last line “With you I could never go wrong” was a line naturally sparked by the other lines as a result of this method.  Now, this is by no means a masterpiece of a line but it’s certainly a great starting point.  And that’s exactly what this method is about, sparking ideas and creating a starting point!

Music is inspired by other music–we songwriters are all a product of our songwriting influences and musical tastes. You’d be hard-pressed to find one great songwriter who won’t cite another songwriter as being their inspiration.  In other words, if you learned how to play your guitar by learning The Eagles greatest hits you are more than likely going to have that Eagles flavor, however slight, show up in one or possibly a few songs somewhere down the line without even consciously realizing it initially. But at some point with all the music filtering in your brain, if you train yourself and just keep on songwriting, you will eventually turn a corner and come up with something totally original by merely experimenting.

Here are some surefire ways to spark your songwriting originality:

1.  While practicing or playing cover songs, concentrate on playing them and singing them in your own style instead of trying to imitate the actual recording.  This can be accomplished in several ways:

a).  Use different vocal phrasing and vary the melody in certain places
b).  Play the song in a slightly different or totally different tempo
c).  Play the song in a different key
d).  Vary the chords used in the original by replacing them with extended chords, relative minor chords instead of major chords(e.g. Em instead of Gmajor), etc.–any chords that add freshness and/or originality to the song!  You’ll find you can even change the whole chord structure of some songs and end up with an effective, entirely original-sounding version of a song.

The bottom line here is that by learning and practicing popular songs you’ll easily expand your chord knowledge and inspire your playing style of whatever instrument you choose.  You’ll even learn new chord progressions that’ll inspire creativity and stay in your subconscious mind as you write new songs.  However, instead of imitating the song perfectly as on the recording, make it your own by exploring your natural ability! 

 2.  Grab a chord book or visit JGuitar.com and begin or continue consistently expanding your chord knowledge.  Knowing at least some music theory is certainly beneficial, especially for jazz music, but it’s not absolutely required.  One of the most important parts in the musical aspect of songwriting is learning chords and how they interact and sound within the key of your songs.  Learn at least one new chord a day by not only learning the fingering, but playing the newly-learned chord until you recognize not only the sound of the chord, but also how it sounds when playing it amongst other chords you know.

3.  Look at your song catalog (completed songs)  and list them under three groups: uptempo, midtempo, slow.  If one or more song categories lag behind the other(s) by a large margin, consider writing the next few songs in that lowest number of songs category, e.g., if you’ve written 15 slow and midtempo songs and have written only 2 uptempo, consider writing the next couple of songs as uptempo songs.  By doing so, who knows?  You may hit upon a totally new, signature sound that blows everyone away!  

4.  Check out your local music scene and you’ll likely find great, undiscovered talent in your own home town that can influence your playing and even take you in a different musical direction altogether!  There are many talented musicians who are perfectly content with not chasing a major label because they’re making a great living playing and selling their own music.  Heck, in many cases, self-contained hometown musicians can make a better living than a major label artist!!! 

If you’re a guitar player, focus on the guitarist and how he or she plays in the context of their music.  Likewise, if you’re a keyboardist, watch the keyboard player and if you’re a drummer, watch the drummer, etc.  Any instrument you choose to focus on while you’re out listening to music has the potential to be the source of inspiration you’ve been looking for to help your originality!  

5.  Take your song catalog and try to listen for similarities between several songs, and ask yourself questions such as:

a).  Are the song intros the same the exact same length (4 bars, 8 bars, etc.)?  If they are, then make a conscious effort to vary the intro length. Try “no intro,” a two bar intro, etc.

b).  Am I using the same song forms for every song?  If so review Inject More Life Into Your Songwriting Pt1.  You may be using the same song forms everyone else is  because it’s “commercial” or you feel comfortable writing in that same style. 

c).  Is my lyric phrasing similar in length or style from song to song?  Vary the length of your lines while you write your next few songs.  You might come across a style that’s totally unique to you.

d).  Have I considered writing a new song with a new instrument or even without any instrument at all? 

6.  If you’re one of the lucky few to be hanging around with proven music industry songwriters, watch and learn how they work.  Pick up their good habits and don’t hesitate to ask them questions when, if at all, possible.  This will help you develop your own personal style as long as you merely assimilate their styles and work habits, and as long as you don’t try to copy their styles.

Most industry executives are looking not only for hit quality songs, but songs and acts that sound original enough to stand on their own!  The same holds true for hardcore music fans!  The truth is, the music world has pretty much shown us everything and “true originals” are extremely hard to find because inevitably, almost every songwriter or artist sounds like and is compared to another songwriter or artist.  If you come upon a great sound that’s totally original you have a distinct advantage in the music industry.  So explore, explore, explore!!!